Theoretical Background

1.  Tissue Culture
Tissue culture is the propagation of plants through the placement of small amounts of undifferentiated
tissue or single cells in an artificial environment. The tissue is placed in a nutrient medium that favours the
production of roots and shoots, and is later planted normally. By using tissue culture, the favourable qualities
of plants can be precisely controlled, so that each plant is identical for the particular quality. The progress in
the development of the technologies of plant tissue and cell culture over the past decades has been
remarkable. Tissue culture is the most fundamental technique in any plant cell biologist's toolbox [6].
Basically the technique consists of taking a piece of a plant such as a stem tip, node, embryo, or even a seed
and placing it in a sterile, (usually gel-based) nutrient medium where it multiplies. Plant tissue culture
comprises a set of in vitro techniques, methods and strategies that are part of the group of technologies called
plant biotechnology. Tissue culture has been exploited to create genetic variability from which crop plants
can be improved, to improve the state of health of the planted material and to increase the number of
desirable germplasms available to the plant breeder [7]. This technology  can be expected to have an ever
increasing impact on crop improvement as an approach to the new millennium.

2.  Alert System 
Alert system is originally based on telemetry system. Telemetry is a highly automated communications
technique with the help of which measurements and  data collection are done at remote locations and
transmitted for monitoring [8]. The most important uses of telemetry include weather data collection,
monitoring power generation plants and keeping track of space flights. A telemetry system typically consists
of a transducer as an input device, a transmission medium in the form of wired lines or radio waves, signal
processing devices, and devices for recording or displaying data. The transducer converts a physical quantity
into a corresponding electrical signal, which is then transmitted over a distance for the purpose of
measurement and recording. There is normally a sound or vibration that will indicate that the message has
come in. The receiver may be able to see the sender’s telephone number, name and also date and time [9].

3.  SMS in GSM Networking 
SMS is a method by which messages can be sent  to a cell phone via another cell phone, a computer
connected to the Internet or a regular land line [10]. SMS is a communication service component of the GSM
(Global System for Mobile Communications) system, using standardized communications protocols that
allow the exchange of short text messages between mobile phone devices.

4.  Email
Email systems are based on a store and forward model in which email server computer systems accept,
forward, deliver and store messages on behalf of users, who only need to connect to the email infrastructure,
typically an email server, with a network-enabled device for the duration of message submission or retrieval
[11]. Email messages are posted electronically to individuals at specific. The address denotes the computer
that the individual employs as a mail server. A mail server is like a computer that sends and receives
electronic mail for a specific network.